Types Of Network:
The Types of computer network are as follow:
1.LAN(Local Area Network)
2.MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
3.WAN(Wide Area Network)
4.PAN(Personal Area Network)
LAN(Local Area Network) DEFINITION:
LAN is a type of network that covers a small area. It is the most common type of computer network. In local area network the nodes are connected to each other using cables.
Working of Local Area Network:
The computers used in local area network also require network interface cards. A network interface card enables the computer to send and receive information over a cable network. A local area network uses only one type of transmission medium.
Local Area Network Example:
LAN is created in a single office, building or campus. In case of a single building, the LAN consists of few nodes. The LAN may be expanded into multiple buildings or rooms. In this case, different small networks or LAN are connected together through a central backbone.
Local Area Network Advantages:
The advantages of LAN are as follows:
1. The resources can be shared among different users. For example ,many users on a network can use a single printer. Similarly ,storage media and software located in central server can be shared between all users on the network.
2.LAN is not very expensive.
3.users can share messages and communicate with each other through e-mails and chatting.
4.All the data is stored and updated on the central server through nodes.
5.Multiple users can access the internet using a single internet connection.
6.Data Transmission in a LAN is very high.
Local Area Network Disadvantages:
The disadvantages of LAN are as follows:
1.if central server is infected by virus, then the important data stored on server may be corrupted and the entire network may also be effected.
2.All the nodes depends on the central computer or HUB ,if any component of the server fails ,then entire network will stop working.
3.A trained and component network manager is required to run the LAN ,so handsome salary has to be paid to him. Therefore ,it becomes very expensive to run the LAN .
4.Mostly in a LAN ,one or two printers are shared among several users. In this way ,lengthy print queues are created ,so the users have to wait for a long period of time to take print on
the printer
WAN(Wide Area Network) DEFINITION:
It is a type of computer network that covers a large area such as as different cities of country or different countries of the world.
Working of Wide Area Network:
A Wide area network is a network that uses various links Multiprotocol Label Switching , virtual private networks, wireless. The Internet is to connect smaller metropolitan and campus networks in diverse locations into a single and distributed network.
Wide Area Network Example:
Suppose an organization has a LAN at each site. The LAN of all sites are connected together to form a WAN .The Internet is the world's largest WAN.it connect many thousands of computers and LAN around the world and making it as web.
Many large organizations make use of WAN as enterprise network.
For Example: in Pakistan ,The large organization like PIA ,WAPDA ,ARMY ,NADRA ,and BANKS use the WAN.
Wide Area Network Advantages:
The advantages of WAN are as follows:
1.Cover large area
2.Sharing and communicate messages:
3.Sharing Software:
4.Sharing Resources:
5.Centralized Data
Wide Area Network Disadvantages:
The disadvantages of WAN are as follows:
1.Hardware and Software costs
2.Management and Staff Training Costs
3.Slow for Data Transmission
4.security issue
5.Failure of Server and Dial-up Lines
A MAN is a network system that covers area of a single city. Usually ,Metropolitan area network connects more than one LAN in a city or town and covers a smaller geographical area tan a Metropolitan area network
Working of Metropolitan Area Network:
A Metropolitan Area Network falls between LAN and WAN and is usually established using optical fibers, routers and switch. A switch is a dual port which active one end is activate in handling the filtration of data coming in the form of frames. In the other end the switch manages the connections.
Metropolitan Area Network Example:
A company may design a MAN by connecting all the LAN in all its office throughout the city. The cable television ,telephone companies ,or local corporations use MAN .Mobile phones systems often use MAN.
Metropolitan Area Network Advantages:
The advantages of MAN are as follows:
Less expensive:
It is very low expensive to attach MAN with WAN. Metropolitan area network gives the good efficiency of data. In Metropolitan area network data is easily managed in a centralized way.
Sending local emails:
On Metropolitan area network you can send local emails fast and free.
High speed than WAN:
Metropolitan area network uses fiber optics so the speed of data can easily reach upon 1000 Mbps. Files and databases can be transferred very fast.
Sharing of the internet:
In some installation of Metropolitan area network users can share their internet connection. So different users can get the same high speed internet.
Conversion from LAN to MAN is easy:
Metropolitan area network is a faster way to connect two fast LANs together. it is due to the fast configuration of links in it.
High Security:
Metropolitan area network has a high-security level than WAN.
Metropolitan Area Network Disadvantages:
The disadvantages of MAN are as follows:
Difficult to manage:
If metropolitan Area Network becomes bigger then it becomes difficult to manage it. it is due to a security problem and other extra configuration.
Internet speed difference:
Metropolitan area network cannot work on traditional phone copper wires. If Metropolitan area network is installed on copper wires then there will be very low speed. So Metropolitan area network required the high cost to set up fiber optics for the first time.
Hackers attack:
In Metropolitan area network there are high chances of attacking hackers on the network compared to LAN. So all data may be leaked. Data can be secured but it needs high trained staff and security tools to maintain all data.
Technical people required to set up:
To setup Metropolitan area network it requires technical people that can correctly setup MAN. The technical people are network administrators and troubleshooters in Metropolitan area network
More wires required:
In Metropolitan area network additional cables are required to connect two LAN which is another problem.
PAN(Personal Area Network) DEFINATION:
A PAN is a network concerned with the exchange of information in the vicinity of a person. Typically these systems are wireless and involve the transmission of data between devices that is smartphones, PC, tablet computers
Working of Personal Area Network:
Personal Area Network is short-range wireless networks that work over a range of tens of metres. Personal Area Network main role is to eliminate cables that connect devices to peripherals. Typical Personal Area Network technologies include: Cordless products, such as mouse devices and keyboards, that use radio or infrared.
Personal Area Network Example:
A personal area network, is a computer network that enables communication between computer devices near a person. Personal Area Network can be wired such as USB or FireWire ,infrared, ZigBee, Bluetooth and ultrawideband, or UWB. The range of a Personal Area Network typically is a few meters.
Personal Area Network Advantages:
The advantages of PAN are as follows.
1.Portable:
It is portable type of network that is if a person moving from one place he can carry his portable devices such as ,mobile phones, laptop ,personal digital assistant. So it can establish his network wherever he want without any wire by using wireless technology.
2.Security:
Each information which are stored in the devices which are shared via network with authorized peoples . So there is secure file transfer between all devices.
3.Wearable Computing:
It is the basic concept for wearable computing. It gives royal look and which makes work simple and easy.
Personal Area Network Disadvantages:
The disadvantages of PAN are as follows:
- 1.Health Issues:
- In this type mostly devices are used for communication.
- 2.Expensive:
- Personal Area network uses devices which are may expensive such as smartphones ,laptops ,Digital camera, PDA. etc.
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